albumin - publications
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1. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2012 Apr 12. [Epub ahead of print]Effect of Albumin and Dextrose Concentration on Ultrasound and MicrobubbleMediated Gene Transfection In Vivo.Browning RJ, Mulvana H, Tang MX, Hajnal JV, Wells DJ, Eckersley RJ.Imaging Sciences Department, Imperial College London, London, UK.Ultrasound and microbubble mediated gene transfection has great potential forsite-selective, safe gene delivery. Albumin-based microbubbles have shown thegreatest transfection efficiency but have not been optimised specifically forthis purpose. Additionally, few studies have highlighted desirable properties fortransfection specific microbubbles. In this article, microbubbles were made with 2% or 5% (w/v) albumin and 20% or 40% (w/v) dextrose solutions, yielding fourdistinct bubble types. These were acoustically characterised and their efficiencyin transfecting a luciferase plasmid (pGL4.13) into female, CD1 mice myocardiawas measured. For either albumin concentration, increasing the dextroseconcentration increased scattering, attenuation and resistance to ultrasound,resulting in significantly increased transfection. A significant interaction was noted between albumin and dextrose; 2% albumin bubbles made with 20% dextroseshowed the least transfection but the most transfection with 40% dextrose. Thistrend was seen for both nonlinear scattering and attenuation behaviour but notfor resistance to ultrasound or total scatter. We have determined that theattenuation behaviour is an important microbubble characteristic for effectivegene transfection using ultrasound. Microbubble behaviour can also be simplycontrolled by altering the initial ingredients used during manufacture.Copyright © 2012 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. Publishedby Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.PMID: 22502878 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]